FINAL EXAMINATION of English Phonology
Group 3 EED-B 2017 UIN SGD BDG
The Members:
- Juniarto Achmad Sugandi (1172040052)
- Maudy Rahmi Hasniwati (1172040059)
- Mustika Alyaa Nafiisa (1172040068)
Group : 3
Subject : English phonology
Podcast Source : https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p07ctx72
Title : Late Night Woman's Hour - Losing Friends
Duration : 19-29
Part :
Maudy : 00.00 - 02.00 minutes
Mustika : 02.00 - 04.00 minutes
Juniarto : 03.57 - 05.25 minutes
Linking Update : https://docs.google.com/document/d/11Sv6TbWgSCIm-fI9E81aPK4O1PA9mBir8yVW1Wnngys/edit?usp=sharing
No. Reg. : 1172040052
Name : Juniarto Achmad Sugandi
Class : 5-B
Late Night Woman’s Hour : Losing Friends : 03.57 – 05.25
Transcript
This issue is done. And so what’s that mean, it’s come over. I’m gonna divorce my husband. You just enjoy the memories and you have to carry on.
Have ever heard the experience about friendship like this?
Yes, i’ve lost too incredibly close friends. One day she was controlling our relationship and I told her that she was really cross with me. And she automatically apologized and I made apology too and it’s fine for me. And she never spoke to me again and wouldn’t tell me why. And I think because this sorrow losing very close friend for long time, I do feel I’ve been death, everything is like gone away.
Analysis
· Unit 1 : Sound, Spelling and Symbols
In this poadcast the speaker is using British accent and the spelling is different with other accent like American or Australian.
E.g: What, Over, Ever
· Unit 2 : The Phoneme
Minimal Pairs
E.g: Is – His, To - Too
· Unit 3 : Describing English Consonants
- Stops : told, too, me, to, time
- Fricative : feel, have, fine, for
- Approximants : you, like, long
- Bilabial : /m/ me
- Labiodental : / f / for, fine, feel
- Dental : /ỡ/ the
- Alveolar : /t/ to, too, time, told
- Palatal : /j/ you
- Velar : /k/ cross
- Glottal : /h/ have
· Unit 4 : Defining Distributions: Consonant Allophones
/l/ : long (+voice –nassal –labial +alveolar –stop –fricative +approximant –central)
/l/ : like (+voice –nassal –labial +alveolar –stop –fricative +approximant –central)
· Unit 5 : Criteria For Contrast : The Phoneme System
Minimal Pairs
E.g: His – Is, Ever – Over, Close – Lose
· Unit 6 : Describing Vowels
Vowel versus Consonant
E.g: Her – Hear, Feel – Fell
· Unit 7 : Vowel Phonemes
Minimal Pairs
E.g: Is – Us, Of – If, For – Far
· Unit 8 : Variation Between Accent
The speaker is using British accent and the listener believes that the speaker is Britannia from United Kingdom.
· Unit 9 : Syllable
One syllable : is, it, for, close, cross
Two syllable : really, never, away
Three syllable : controlling
Four syllable : everything, incredibly
· Unit 10 : The Word Above
The speaker does not speak clearly and too fast for foreign listener so the listener do not get a whole words that speaker said.
Name : Maudy Rahmi Hasniwati
NIM : 1172040059
Class : English Education-5B
Group : 3rd
Minutes : 00.00-01.59
Late Night Woman’s Hour
Losing Friends
1. Transcript
BBC sounds, music, radio, podcast!
Welcome to Late Night Woman’s Hour with me Emma Barnett. Each week we bring together brilliant woman to talk literally about anything they want, work, love, relationship, policy, sex, everything that matters, and everything in between which must, including the pluffy stuff. Here we go around the table, let me tell you writer and broadcaster Sali Hughes.
Emma: Hello Sali!
Sali: Hello!
Emma: Around the sort broadcaster, writer, she was for music and radio of the observe, she is also the author of time woke up.
Sali: Thank you very much.
Emma: I’m not reaching you on radio I just talking to you, it’s brilliant! This is quite painful or I think obvious and fascinated, but it's friendship break up I mean specifically we talk about a medley on how that comes about or how makes people feel, sally moves!
Sali: Okay. So, I want to talk about, I think is not a matter thing that happened in a medley but just thing that people can shift around in medley, it may not shift physically but thing shift, they settle or something comes up, or things are shaded. Anyway, you lose something and not come with to do with the fact that you become more impatagious with your relationship, so you have kids, you settle down, you don’t want to go out as much, you know there is something that even gets more busy, you know how used the thing that medley possibility kind of partly where everything that be sorted. I think genially busier, busier, busier and busier. So, medley just really busy. So because of that it can be quite difficult to maintain your friendship, they can change.
Emma: Can I just talk, what is say medley, what sort of age?
Sally: I would say forty.
Emma: Forty.
Sally: I am not my fifty, but you know I would say, consider my shorten relation before to about fifty sixty myself , but I would say when it start happening around your forty . When it is to do business, it also slightly to do with………
2. Analysis
A. Sounds, Spellings, and Symbols
The following is the International Phonetic Alphabet from the podcast transcript above:
biː-biː-siː saʊndz, ˈmjuːzɪk, ˈreɪdɪəʊ, ˈpɒdkɑːst!
ˈwɛlkəm tuː leɪt naɪt ˈwʊmənz ˈaʊə wɪð miː ˈɛməBarnett. iːʧ wiːk wiː brɪŋ təˈgɛðə ˈbrɪljəntˈwʊmən tuː tɔːk ˈlɪtərəli əˈbaʊt ˈɛnɪθɪŋ ðeɪwɒnt, wɜːk, lʌv, rɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp, ˈpɒlɪsi, sɛks, ˈɛvrɪθɪŋðæt ˈmætəz, ænd ˈɛvrɪθɪŋ ɪn bɪˈtwiːn wɪʧmʌst, ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ ðə pluffy stʌf. hɪə wiː gəʊəˈraʊnd ðə ˈteɪbl, lɛt miː tɛl juː ˈraɪtər ændˈbrɔːdkɑːstə Sali hjuːz.
ˈɛmə: hɛˈləʊ Sali!
Sali: hɛˈləʊ!
ˈɛmə: ə'raʊnd ðə sɔːt ˈbrɔːdkɑːstə, ˈraɪtə, ʃiː wɒzfɔː ˈmjuːzɪk ænd ˈreɪdɪəʊ ɒv ði əbˈzɜːv, ʃiː ɪzˈɔːlsəʊ ði ˈɔːθər ɒv taɪm wəʊk ʌp.
Sali: θæŋk juː ˈvɛri mʌʧ.
ˈɛmə: aɪm nɒt ˈriːʧɪŋ juː ɒn ˈreɪdɪəʊ aɪ ʤʌstˈtɔːkɪŋ tuː juː, ɪts ˈbrɪljənt! ðɪs ɪz kwaɪt ˈpeɪnfʊlɔːr aɪ θɪŋk ˈɒbvɪəs ænd ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd bʌt ɪtsˈfrɛndʃɪp breɪk ʌp aɪ miːn spəˈsɪfɪk(ə)li wiː tɔːkəˈbaʊt ə ˈmɛdli ɒn haʊ ðæt kʌmz əˈbaʊt ɔː haʊmeɪks ˈpiːpl fiːl, ˈsæli muːvz!
Sali: ˈəʊˈkeɪ. səʊ, aɪ wɒnt tuː tɔːk əˈbaʊt, aɪ θɪŋkɪz nɒt ə ˈmætə θɪŋ ðæt ˈhæpənd ɪn ə ˈmɛdli bʌtʤʌst θɪŋ ðæt ˈpiːpl kæn ʃɪft əˈraʊnd ɪn ˈmɛdli, ɪtmeɪ nɒt ʃɪft ˈfɪzɪkəli bʌt θɪŋ ʃɪft, ðeɪ ˈsɛtl ɔːˈsʌmθɪŋ kʌmz ʌp, ɔː θɪŋz ɑː ˈʃeɪdɪd. ˈɛnɪweɪ, juːluːz ˈsʌmθɪŋ ænd nɒt kʌm wɪð tuː duː wɪð ðəfækt ðæt juː bɪˈkʌm mɔː impatagious wɪð jɔːrɪˈleɪʃənʃɪp, səʊ juː hæv kɪdz, juː ˈsɛtl daʊn, juːdəʊnt wɒnt tuː gəʊ aʊt æz mʌʧ, juː nəʊ ðeər ɪzˈsʌmθɪŋ ðæt ˈiːvən gɛts mɔː ˈbɪzi, juː nəʊ haʊ juːzd ðə θɪŋ ðæt ˈmɛdli ˌpɒsəˈbɪlɪti kaɪnd ɒvˈpɑːtli weər ˈɛvrɪθɪŋ ðæt biː ˈsɔːtɪd. aɪ θɪŋkˈʤiːnjəli ˈbɪzɪə, ˈbɪzɪə, ˈbɪzɪər ændˈbɪzɪə. səʊ, ˈmɛdli ʤʌst ˈrɪəli ˈbɪzi. səʊ bɪˈkɒz ɒvðæt ɪt kæn biː kwaɪt ˈdɪfɪkəlt tuː meɪnˈteɪn jɔːˈfrɛndʃɪp, ðeɪ kæn ʧeɪnʤ.
ˈɛmə: kæn aɪ ʤʌst tɔːk, wɒt ɪz seɪ ˈmɛdli, wɒtsɔːt ɒv eɪʤ?
ˈsæli: aɪ wʊd seɪ ˈfɔːti.
ˈɛmə: ˈfɔːti.
ˈsæli: aɪ æm nɒt maɪ ˈfɪfti, bʌt juː nəʊ aɪ wʊdseɪ, kənˈsɪdə maɪ ˈʃɔːtn rɪˈleɪʃən bɪˈfɔː tuː əˈbaʊtˈfɪfti ˈsɪksti maɪˈsɛlf , bʌt aɪ wʊd seɪ wɛn ɪt stɑːtˈhæpnɪŋ əˈraʊnd jɔː ˈfɔːti . wɛn ɪt ɪz tuː duːˈbɪznɪs, ɪt ˈɔːlsəʊ ˈslaɪtli tuː duː wɪð………
B. The Phoneme: The same but different
These are 10 minimal pairs of words that contains in the podcast above:
a. Late : Lit
b. Hour: Our
c. Woman:Women
d. With:Kith
e. Talk:Walk
f. Feel:Feed
g. Think:Thing
h. Break:Freak
i. Say:Sad
j. Would:Wild
C. Describing English Consonant
a. Pronunciation Voice and Voiceless
1). Voice: Very, break, music, business, go, writer, love, this, broadcaster, difficult, just.
2). Voiceless: Friends, tell, sound, say, fascinated, think, pluffy, table, change, she, shift, feel.
D. Defining Distributions: consonants allophone
a. Distinctive feature:
1). /b/
Consonantal: +
Continuant: -
Sonorant: -
Strident: -
Voiced: +
Anterior: +
Coronal: -
Nasal: -
2). /m/
Consonantal: +
Continuant: -
Sonorant: +
Strident: -
Voiced: +
Anterior: +
Coronal: -
Nasal: +
3). /v/
Consonantal: +
Continuant: +
Sonorant: -
Strident: +
Voiced: +
Anterior: +
Coronal: -
Nasal: -
4). /g/
Consonantal: +
Continuant: -
Sonorant: -
Strident: -
Voiced: +
Anterior: -
Coronal: -
Nasal: -
5). /w/
Consonantal: -
Continuant: +
Sonorant: +
Strident: -
Voiced: +
Anterior: +
Coronal: -
Nasal: -
6). /l/
Consonantal: +
Continuant: +
Sonorant: +
Strident: -
Voiced: +
Anterior: +
Coronal: +
Nasal: -
7). /f/
Consonantal: +
Continuant: +
Sonorant: -
Strident: +
Voiced: -
Anterior: +
Coronal: -
Nasal: -
8). /t/
Consonantal: +
Continuant: -
Sonorant: -
Strident: -
Voiced: -
Anterior: -
Coronal: -+
Nasal: -
9). /s/
Consonantal: +
Continuant: +
Sonorant: -
Strident: +
Voiced: +
Anterior: -
Coronal: +
Nasal: -
10). /j/
Consonantal: -
Continuant: +
Sonorant: +
Strident: -
Voiced: +
Anterior: -
Coronal: +
Nasal: -
E. Criteria for Contrast: the phoneme system
a. Defective: hour, night.
b. Minimal Pairs:
eɪ. leɪt : lɪt
biː. ˈaʊə: ˈaʊə
siː. ˈwʊmən:ˈwɪmɪn
diː. wɪð:kɪθ
iː. tɔːk:wɔːk
ɛf. fiːl:fiːd
ʤiː. θɪŋk:θɪŋ
eɪʧ. breɪk:friːk
aɪ. seɪ:sæd
ʤeɪ. wʊd:waɪld
c. Phonology:Morphology
Friend:Friendship
Talk:Talked
Write:Writer
Music:Musics
Pain:Painful
Thing:Things
F. Describing Vowels
a. The Anatomy of vowels
Emma: Around the sort broadcaster, writer, she was for music and radio of the observe, she is also the author of time woke up.
Around: ə' = Monophthong
the : ə = Monophthong
Sort: ɔ = Monophthong
Broadcaster: ɔːɑːə, = Monophthong
Writer: ˈaɪ:ə, : Diphthong:Monophtong
She: iː : Monophthong
Was: ɒ :Monophthong
For: ɔː = Monophthong
Music: 'uːɪ = Monophthong
And: æ =Diphthong
Radio: ˈeɪ:ɪ:əʊ = Diphthong:Monophthong:Diphthong
Of: ɒ = Monophthong
The: i =Monophthong
Observe: ə:ɜː = Monophthong
She:iː = Monophthong
Is: ɪ =Monophthong
Also: 'ɔːəʊ : Monophthong:Diphthong
The: i = Monophthong
Author: ˈɔːə : Monophthong
Of: ˈɔ = Monophthong
Time: aɪ = Diphthong
Woke: əʊ =Diphthong
Up: ʌ = Monophthong
G. Vowel Phonemes
a. Vowel features and Allophonic rules
Around: ə' : short
the : ə : short
Sort: ɔ : short
Broadcaster: ɔːɑːə, : long-long-short
Writer: ˈaɪ:ə, : short- long
She: iː long
Was: ɒ -short
For: ɔː : long
Music: 'uːɪ : long-short
And: æ : short
Radio: ˈeɪ:ɪ:əʊ : short
Of: ɒ - short
The: i : short
Observe: ə:ɜː : short-long
She:iː : long
Is: ɪ : short
Also: 'ɔːəʊ : short
The: i : short
Author: ˈɔːə : long-short
Of: ˈɔ : short
Time: aɪ : short
Woke: əʊ : short
Up: ʌ : short
high] [mid] [front] [back] [round]
[i] + – + – –
[e] + + + – –
[ε]– + + – –
[a] – – + – –
[u] + – – + +
[o] + + – + +
[ɔ]– + – + +
[ɑ]– – – + –
[ə]– + – – –
H. Variation between Accents
The difference in accent especially in America and Britain in the contents of the podcast above only lies in the pronunciation of the vowel, namely there are several different words in diphthong and monothong. In addition there can be long and short in the pronunciation. Finally, what distinguishes it is the pronunciation of R which in English is not spoken, whereas in America the pronunciation is heard.
I. Syllables
BBC : 1
sounds: 1
music: 2
radio: 3
Podcast: 2
Welcome: 2
to: 1
Late: 1
Night:1
Woman’s: 2
Hour: 2
with: 1
me: 1
Emma: 2
Barnett: 2
Each: 1
week:
we: 1
bring: 1
together: 3
brilliant: 3
woman:2
to: 1
talk: 1
literally: 4
about: 2
anything: 3
they: 1
want: 1
work: 1
Love: 1
Relationship: 4
policy: 3
sex: 1
everything: 4
that: 1
matters: 2
and: 1
everything: 4
in: 1
between: 2
which: 1
must: 1
including: 3
the: 1
pluffy: 2
stuff: 1
J. The Word and Above
1. Word Stress
poLIcy
MUsic
PODcast
WRIter
BROADcaster
poSSIbility
mainTAIN
DIFFicult
reLAtion
SHORten
Name : Mustika alyaa Nafiisa
NIM : 1172040068
Group : 3
Class : 5B
Transcript BBC Radio 4 – Late Night’s Woman Hour, Losing Friends (02-04 mnt)
Salli: To do with, no, I need you no have any too much physical, you know, you don’t have the mental time, so if your relationship with your friend is tricky, then it come very hard to maintain that relationship, and I had a situation where I had a very very long term relationship and she said to me, she email me that she wanted to break from the relationship, and I was quite thinking about it, but it was not to with me, like she do to my husband, she had kind a full time with him and she could not move from that, and my reaction was that I would’ve tell with in the different way so my reaction would’ve been wow, why didn’t you take up with him rather than me, and all why didn’t she just ignore him? It’s quite easy to ignore him, just say I don’t like her husband and I would’ve gone, okay, she is with me everyday
Emma: This pause stuck
Salli: Yes, exactly. You know this is fine, you know, this pain situation, I think you know if you don’t like him you just get over him, it’s not the main relationship, so that’s fine. But anyway, if we email her back, she just didn’t want to talk to me anymore and it was really weird, it was really really out
Emma: How get mail you failed?
Salli: Really angry at the beginning, I think that’s quite common to us, really really cross, and I thought that she has found and it seemed like, I’m taking it to her and then I just thought, okay, if that what she want, what I really thought in the end was I thought you cannot force someone to be your friend, you can’t do it, like I would hate to be force with somebody’s friend and completely she can’t do it, so if she didn’t want to be my friend, then I can’t really be her friend, so this is just a process of unwrought feeling and that’s quite weird, this is what happen eventually, she block me on facebook and then, but we have met friends that we hear about this, so it’s quite difficult, but also there was an element of, there’s an element to honest to your around, so I think that because..
Analysis BBC Radio 4 – Late Night’s Woman Hour, Losing Friends (02-04 mnt)
Unit 1 “Sounds, spellings and symbols”
In this poadcast the speaker is using British accent and the spelling is different with other accent like American or Australian.
E.g: Quite, Her, Really
Unit 2 “The phoneme: the same but different”
Minimal Pairs
E.g: And – End, Than – Then
Unit 3 “Describing English consonants”
- Stops : thought
- Fricative : very
- Approximants : really
- Bilabial : /m/ met
- Labiodental : / v / very
- Dental : /ỡ/ rather
- Alveolar : /n/ no
- Post-Alveolar : /ʃ/ ship
- Palatal : /j/ you
- Velar : /g/ good
- Glottal : /h/ what
Unit 4 “Defining distributions: consonant allophones”
/l/ : like (+voice –nassal –labial +alveolar –stop –fricative +approximant –central)
Unit 5 “Criteria for contrast: the phoneme system”
Minimal Pairs
E.g: And – End, Than – Then, Would – Could
Unit 6 “Describing Vowels”
Vowel versus Consonant
E.g: Now – Know, Way – May
Unit 7 “Vowel Phonemes”
Minimal Pairs
E.g: Is – Us, Sort – Short, For – Four
Unit 8 “Variation between accent”
The speaker is using British accent which have some different word that is pronounced such as R sound. In America accent it is pronounced clearly but in British accent it is not.
Unit 9 “Syllable”
One syllable : and, would, for, his, but
Two syllable : common, happen, really
Three syllable : beginning, element
Four syllable : eventually, relationship
Unit 10 “The word and above”
DIFFicult
PODcast
mainTAIN
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